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Below are examples from 49 CFR 192 and 195 as they existed on May 1, 2000. Old text is shown as strikeout and the new text is in bold underline.
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49 CFR 192 Effective Date January 13, 2000 per Amendment #88
§192.309 Repair of steel pipe.
(a) Each imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a length of steel pipe must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the remaining wall thickness must at least be equal to either:
(1) The minimum thickness required by the tolerances in the specification to which the pipe was manufactured; or
(2) The nominal wall thickness required for the design pressure of the pipeline.
(b) Each of the following dents must be removed from steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 20 percent, or more, of SMYS: Each of the following dents must be removed from steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 20 percent, or more, of SMYS, unless the dent is repaired by a method that reliable engineering tests and analyses show can permanently restore the serviceability of the pipe:
(1) A dent that contains a stress concentrator such as a scratch, gouge, groove, or arc burn.
(2) A dent that affects the longitudinal weld or a circumferential weld.
(3) In pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 40 percent or more of SMYS, a dent that has a depth of -
(i) More than ¼ inch (6.4 millimeters) in pipe 12 3/4 inches (324 millimeters) or less in outer diameter; or
(ii) More than 2 percent of the nominal pipe diameter in pipe over 12 3/4 inches (324 millimeters) in outer diameter.
For the purpose of this section a "dent" is a depression that produces a gross disturbance in the curvature of the pipe wall without reducing the pipe-wall thickness. The depth of a dent is measured as the gap between the lowest point of the dent and a prolongation of the original contour of the pipe.
(c) Each arc burn on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 40 percent, or more, of SMYS must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the arc burn must be completely removed and the remaining wall thickness must be at least equal to either:
(1) The minimum wall thickness required by the tolerance in the specification to which the pipe was manufactured; or
(2) The nominal wall thickness required for the design pressure of the pipeline.
(d) A gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent may not be repaired by insert patching or by pounding out.
(e) Each gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent that is removed from a length of pipe must be removed by cutting out the damaged portion as a cylinder.
[Part - 192 - Org, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-3, 35 FR 17659, November 17, 1970; Amdt. 192-85, 63 FR 37500, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192-88, 64 FR 69660, December 14, 1999]
Part 195 Effective Date January 13, 2000 per Amendment #68
§195.416 External corrosion control.
(a) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year, conduct tests on each buried, in contact with the ground, or submerged pipeline facility in its pipeline system that is under cathodic protection to determine whether the protection is adequate.
(b) Each operator shall maintain the test leads required for cathodic protection in such a condition that electrical measurements can be obtained to ensure adequate protection.
(c) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 2½ months, but at least six times each calendar year, inspect each of its cathodic protection rectifiers.
(d) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 5 years, electrically inspect the bare pipe in its pipeline system that is not cathodically protected and must study leak records for that pipe to determine if additional protection is needed.
(e) Whenever any buried pipe is exposed for any reason, the operator shall examine the pipe for evidence of external corrosion. If the operator finds that there is active corrosion, that the surface of the pipe is generally pitted, or that corrosion has caused a leak, it shall investigate further to determine the extent of the corrosion.
(f) Any pipe that is found to be generally corroded so that the remaining wall thickness is less than the minimum thickness required by the pipe specification tolerances must either be replaced with the coated pipe that meets the requirements of this part or, if the area is small, must be repaired. However, the operator need not replace generally corroded pipe if the operating pressure is reduced to be commensurate with the limits on operating pressure specified in this subpart, based on the actual remaining wall thickness.
(f) Any pipe that is found to be generally corroded so that the remaining wall thickness is less than the minimum thickness required by the pipe specification tolerances must be replaced with coated pipe that meets the requirements of this part. However, generally corroded pipe need not be replaced if-
(1) The operating pressure is reduced to be commensurate with the limits on operating pressure specified in this subpart, based on the actual remaining wall thickness; or
(2) The pipe is repaired by a method that reliable engineering tests and analyses show can permanently restore the serviceability of the pipe.
(g) If localized corrosion pitting is found to exist to a degree where leakage might result, the pipe must be replaced or repaired, or the operating pressure must be reduced commensurate with the strength of the pipe based on the actual remaining wall thickness in the pipe.
(h) The strength of the pipe, based on actual remaining wall thickness, for paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section may be determined by the procedure in ASME B31G manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines or by the procedure developed by AGA/Battelle - A Modified Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipe (with RSTRENG disk). Application of the procedure in the ASME B31G manual of the AGA/Battelle Modified Criterion is applicable to corroded regions (not penetrating the pipe wall) in existing steel pipelines in accordance with limitations set out in the respective procedures.
(i) Each operator shall clean, coat with material suitable for the prevention of atmospheric corrosion, and, maintain this protection for, each component in its pipeline system that is exposed to the atmosphere.
(j) For aboveground breakout tanks where corrosion of the tank bottom is controlled by a cathodic protection system, the cathodic protection system must be inspected to ensure it is operated and maintained in accordance with API Recommended Practice 651, unless the operator notes in the procedure manual (§ 195.402(c)) why compliance with all or certain provisions of API Recommended Practice 651 is not necessary for the safety of a particular breakout tank.
[Revised per Amdt. 195.22, 46 FR 38357, July 27, 1981; Amdt. 195.24, 47 FR 46850, October 21, 1982; Amdt. 195.31, 49 FR 36383, September 17, 1984; Amdt. 192.52, Vol. 59 FR 33388, June 28, 1994; Amdt. 195.66, 64 FR 15926, April 2, 1999; Amdt. 195.68, 64 FR 69660, December 14, 1999]